The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable, co-created and managed for five years by Greg Tananbaum, is a multiyear project convening critical stakeholders to fundamentally improve the correlation between open practices, credit/reward systems, and research missions & values. It brings together senior leaders from universities, funding agencies, societies, foundations, and industry to discuss incentives for adopting open science practices, current barriers and disincentives, and ways to work with communities and disciplines to develop hiring, review, tenure and promotion, and funding practices that are more reflective of open practices. Over the course of the Roundtable, the members laid out both the “why” - the factors that will influence institutions, agencies, and funders to properly align their credit/reward systems with open science practices - and the “how”, the practical means by which they can do so.